Which federal case addresses the legality of stop and frisk procedures?

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The case that addresses the legality of stop and frisk procedures is Terry v. Ohio. This landmark decision established that law enforcement officers have the authority to stop and briefly detain a person based on reasonable suspicion that the individual is involved in criminal activity. During this stop, officers may perform a limited frisk of the person's outer clothing for weapons if they believe the individual may be armed and dangerous.

The ruling in Terry v. Ohio is significant as it balances the need for effective law enforcement with the protection of individual rights. It set a precedent for what constitutes reasonable suspicion and the extent to which law enforcement can conduct searches without a warrant. This case is often referenced in discussions about Fourth Amendment rights and the standards for police encounters with the public.